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HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION OF PHYLUM CERCOZOA

HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION OF PHYLUM CERCOZOA

EUKARYA> CHROMALVEOLATA> RHIZARIAE> CERCOZOA
CERCOZOA LINKS

Introduction

Synoptic Description

This system is a modification of Cachon et al. (1990), Febvre (1990), Febvre-Chevalier (1990), Patterson (1999), Takahashi and Anderson (2000) as it is informed by the analyses of Nikolaev et al. (2004) and Bass et al. (2005).

CLASS CERCOZOEA

No clear synapomorphy for this group. Mainly these are unicells, some of which form a scaly test and others are amoeboflagellates (with scaly cell covering).

  • ORDER EUGLYPHIDA
    • Testate filose amoebae. Silicaceous test made of secreted plates.
    • Lecythidium, Paulinella, Euglypha, Trinema, Trachelocorythion, Tracheleuglypha, Cyphoderia.
  • ORDER CERCOZOIDA (=SARCOMONADIDA)
    • Unicells with 2 heterodynamic flagella inserted apically. Basal body associated with cone of microtubules to nucleus (with nucleolus). Parabasal bodies (text with tooltip) Parabasal bodies are large modified golgi bodies that lie in association with the basal bodies and flagellar roots of the Parabasalotista. ? Extrusosomes like heliozoan haptocysts. Contractile vacuole. Membrane-bound postnuclear organelle (unknown). Cell covered with scales.
    • Cercomonas, Massisteria, Bodomorpha, Heteromita, Cladomonas, Codonoeca, Collodictyon, Colponema, Cryzella, Cryptaulax, Cyathomonas, Cyclomonas, Dallingeria, Thaumatomonas, Cryothecomonas, Lecythium, Pseudodifflugia.

CLASS PHAEODAREA

Skeleton, when present, contains organic matter in addition to silica; skeleton of hollow spicules or shells; inner mass of cytoplasm enclosed by a capsule with an opening at one end and 2 openings at the other end from which emanate axonemes (text with tooltip) An axoneme is the microtubular array in the eukaryotic flagellum. That is, an axoneme is the flagellum devoid of its outer membrane. ; usually with many oil droplets and without algal symbionts. This class has 7 orders. thick capsule with only 3 pores.

  • ORDER PHAEOPYLIDA (PHAEOGYMNOCELLIDA)
    • Skeleton absent; cell covered by shells, tests and other protist debris.
    • Phaeopyla, Phaeodina, Phaeodactylis, Phaeosphaera, Gymnocella, Halocella, Lobocella,Miracella, Planktonetta.
  • ORDER PHAEOCYSTIDA
    • Skeleton of numerous, hollow needles and/or of radiating spines, the proximal ends of which are near or in the central capsule.
    • Aulacantha, Astracantha, Castanella.
  • ORDER PHAEOSPHAERIDA
    • Shell latticed; some with an internal shell.
    • Aulosphaera, Aularia, Aulotractus, Coelocantha, Sagenoarium, Sagenoscena, Sagoscena.
  • ORDER PHAEOCALPIDA
    • Spherical or ovate shell with or without spines; surface with pores or smooth; usually with a large mouth.
    • Castanea, Circoporus, Circospathis, Haeckeliana, Tuscarora, Tuscarilla, Tuscaretta, Porospathis.
  • ORDER PHAEOGROMIDA
    • Shell ovate, lenticular, or hemispherical; spines around the mouth; with or without a cytopharynx.
    • Challengeria, Challengeron, Euphysetta, Gazelletta, Medusetta, Borgertella, Lirella.
  • ORDER PHAEOCONCHIDA
    • Latticed shell of 2 valves, more or less spherical, covered with pores; mouth at separation between valves; horn at hinge.
    • Conchidium, Coelographis.
  • ORDER PHAEODENDRIDA
    • Shell of 2 valves, hemispherical, with many pores; each valve with a conical structure from which 3 or more spines arise.
    • Coelodendrum.

CLASS DESMOTHORACEA

Cell occupies perforated organic capsule which is attached to the substrate by a stalk; axopodia emerge from the perforations; life cycle complex with flagellated (not studied but presumed to be heterodynamic) and amoeboid forms.

  • ORDER CLATHURLIDA (DESMOTHORACIDA)
    • Clathurlina, Herdriocystis (Heterocystis?), Cienkowskya (=Monomastigocystis?).
LITERATURE CITED

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By Jack R. Holt. Last revised: 02/23/2013
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