HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE KINGDOM SAPROSPIRAE AND ITS SINGLE PHYLUM SAPROSPIROBACTERIA (MARGULIS AND SCHWARTZ 1998)
| EUBACTERIA> PROTEOBACTERIAE> SAPROSPIRAE> SAPROSPIROBACTERIA |
KINGDOM SAPROSPIRAE LINKS
| This system follows Margulis and Schwartz (1998) who treat the gliding bacteria as a taxon that is distinct from the Myxobacteria, with which they are usually associated. As we give them here, the gliding bacteria occupy a kingdom with a single phylum and a single class that has two orders. |
- CLASS CYTOPHAGATIAE
- ORDER CYTOPHAGIALES
- Slender, single rods, sometimes in chains, but without fruiting bodies; they may or may not make cysts, some are facultative anaerobes and ferment carbohydrates to organic acids; usually aerobic decomposers of chitin and cellulose; in soil and aquatic systems, some parasites of fish.
- Cytophaga, Sporocytophaga, Saprospira, Microscilla, Flexibacter.
- ORDER BEGGIATOIALES
- Straight or helical filaments, sessile and attached or mobile filaments; may multiply by random fragmentation of the filaments; some oxidize H2S with the deposition of internal S granules (chemoautotrophic or chemoheterotrophic (text with tooltip) Chemoheterotrophs are those organisms that use compounds from the environment to provide metabolic energy. ); in aquatic systems and oral cavities of animals.
- Beggiatoa, Thiofilum, Leucothrix, Simonsiella, Alysiella, Vitreoscilla.
- ORDER CYTOPHAGIALES
| LITERATURE CITED Ahmad, A., J. P. Barry, and D. C. Nelson. 1999. Phylogenetic affinity of a wide, vacuolate, nitrate-accumulating Beggiatoa sp. from Monterey Canyon, California, with Thioploca spp. Applied and Environmental Microbiology. 65(1): 270-277. Barnes, R. S. K. 1984b. Kingdom Monera. IN: Barnes, R.S.K., ed. A synoptic classification of living organisms. Sinauer Associates. Sunderland, Mass. Black, J. G. 2002. Microbiology, Principles and Explorations. 5th ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York. Brock, T. D., M.T. Madigan, J.M. Martinko, and J. Parker. 1994. Biology of Microorganisms. 7th ed. Prentice Hall. Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Garrity, G. M., M. Winters, and D. Searles. 2001. Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology. 2nd ed. Springer-Verlag. New York. Garrity, G. M., J. A. Bell, and T. G. Lilburn. 2003. Taxonomic Outline of the Prokaryotes. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology. 2nd edition. Release 4.0. Springer-Verlag. New York. pp. 1-397. Holt, J. G., ed. 1989a. Other gram-negative bacteria, Cyanobacteria, Archaea. IN: Bergey’s manual of systematic bacteriology. Volume III. Williams and Wilkins. Baltimore, MD. Krieg, N. R. 1984. Gram-negative aerobic rods and cocci. In: Krieg, N. R. and J. G. Holt, eds. Bergey´s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Vol. 1: 140-408. Maier, S. 1980. Growth of Thioploca ingrica in a mixed culture system. Ohio Acad. Sci. 80(1): 30-32. Margulis, L. and K. Schwartz. 1998. Five kingdoms, an illustrated guide to the phyla of life on earth. 3rd Edition. W. H. Freeman and Co. New York. Schmidt, T. M., B. Arieli, Y. Cohen, E. Padan, and W. R. Strohl. 1987. Sulfur metabolism in Beggiatoa alba. Journal of Bacterial. 169(12): 5466-5472. Tudge, C. 2000. The Variety of Life, A Survey and a Celebration of all the Creatures That Have Ever Lived. Oxford University Press. New York. |
| By Jack R. Holt. Last revised: 02/09/2012 |
