HIERARCHICAL CLASSIFICATION OF THE PHYLUM METAMONADA (GRASSE’ 1952)
| EUKARYA> EXCAVATA> METAMONADA |
METAMONADA LINKS
| The general organization of the following taxonomy was influenced by Cavalier-Smith (2003), Simpson (2003), and Taylor (1999). |
CLASS OXYMONADEA (AXOSTYLIDA OR PYRSONYMPHIDS)
Without microtubular axostyle (text with tooltip) An axostyle is rod-like microtubular structure that occurs in certain Metamonadotista and Parabasalotista. The axostyle runs through the axis of the cell from the anterior (usually anchored around the nucleus) to the posterior end, often forming an extended point at the posterior end. ; typically with ventral cytostome (text with tooltip) Cytostome (literally cell mouth) is a permanent opening into the cell into which food particles move and are incorporated into food vacuoles. area bordered by fibers (principally microtubular) originating from flagellar bases, and crossed by a recurrent flagellum. This class has 2 orders.
- ORDER TRIMASTIGIDA
- Four subapical flagella (text with tooltip) Flagella are subapically inserted when their insertion point is lateral to the apex or anterior end of the cell. ( cruciately (text with tooltip) In the form of a cross. arranged). The posterior flagellum has a dorsal and ventral vane. Aerobic.
- Trimastix
- ORDER OXYMONADINES.
- Oxymonas, Dinenympha, Notila, Proboscidiella, Pyrsonympha, Saccinobaculus.
| LITERATURE CITED Baldauf, S. L. 2003a. The deep roots of eukaryotes. Science. 300 (5626): 1701-1703. Brugerolle, G., and J. P. Mignot. 1990. Retortamonadida. In: Margulis, L., J. O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, and D. J. Chapman, eds. 1990. Handbook of the Protoctista; the Structure, Cultivation, Habits and Life Histories of the Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Their Descendants Exclusive of Animals, Plants and Fungi. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Boston. pp. 259-265. Cavalier-Smith, T. 2003a. Protist phylogeny and the high-level classification of Protozoa. European Journal of Protistology. 39:338-348. Cavalier-Smith, T. 2003b. The excavate protozoan phyla Metamonada Grasse emend. (Anaeromonadea, Parabasalia, Carpediemonas, Eopharyngia) and Loukozoa emend. (Jakobea, Malawimonas): their evolutionary affinities and new higher taxa. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 53:1741-1758. Dyer, B. D. 1990c. Parabasalia. In: Margulis, L., J. O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, and D. J. Chapman, eds. 1990. Handbook of the Protoctista; the Structure, Cultivation, Habits and Life Histories of the Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Their Descendants Exclusive of Animals, Plants and Fungi. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Boston. pp. 252-258. Grell, K. G. 1973. Protozoology. Springer-Verlag. New York. Kudo, R.R. 1966. Protozoology. 5th ed. Charles C. Thomas Publisher. Springfield. Lee, J. J. 1985. Order Retortamonadida. In: Lee, J.J., S.H. Hunter, and E.C. Bovee, eds. An Illustrated Guide to the Protozoa. Allen Press. Lawrence, Kansas. pp. 118-119. Margulis, L. and K. Schwartz. 1988. Five kingdoms, an illustrated guide to the phyla of life on earth. 2nd Edition. W.H. Freeman and Co. New York. Margulis, L. and K. Schwartz. 1998. Five kingdoms, an illustrated guide to the phyla of life on earth. 3rd Edition. W. H. Freeman and Company. New York. Margulis, L., J. O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, and D. J. Chapman, eds. 1990. Handbook of the Protoctista; the structure, cultivation, habits and life histories of the eukaryotic microorganisms and their descendants exclusive of animals, plants and fungi. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Boston. Patterson, D. J. 1999. The diversity of eukaryotes. American Naturalist. 154 (Suppl.): S96–S124., Simpson, A. G. B. 2003. Cytoskeletal organization, phylogenetic affinities and systematics in the contentious taxon Excavata (Eukaryota). International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 53: 1759-1777. Sleigh, M.A., J.D. Dodge and D.J. Patterson. 1984. Kingdom Protista. In: Barnes, R.K.S., ed. A Synoptic Classification of Living Organisms. Sinauer Associates, Inc. Sunderland, Mass. Taylor, F. J. R. 1999. Ultrastructure as a control for protistan molecular phylogeny. The American Naturalist. 154(supplement): S125-S136. Vickerman, K. 1990a. Diplomonadida. In: Margulis, L., J. O. Corliss, M. Melkonian, and D. J. Chapman, eds. 1990. Handbook of the Protoctista; the structure, cultivation, habits and life histories of the eukaryotic microorganisms and their descendants exclusive of animals, plants and fungi. Jones and Bartlett Publishers. Boston. pp. 200-210. |
| By Jack R. Holt. Last revised: 02/12/2012 |
