This figure is taken from Pearson (1995). The phylogeny was produced by comparisons between morphological characters and informed by molecular data. Pearson illustrates the Ferns as arising from the Trimerophytes. In this view, the ferns branched into 3 lines, 2 of which are extant. The coenopterid line (groups 4-7) includes the leptosporangiate ferns. The maratiid line includes extant eusporangiate taxa. The cladoxylid line includes extinct taxa, particularly the archaeopterids, that are presumed to have given rise to the seed habit. Compare this with Pryer et al. (2001).